The President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (PCAST) in the May 2014 report, identifies that the primary barrier to greater use of systems methods and tools is the predominant fee-for-service payment system.  PCAST proposes the following overarching approaches where the Administration could make a difference:

1. Accelerate alignment of payment systems with desired outcomes,
2. Increase access to relevant health data and analytics,
3. Provide technical assistance in systems-engineering approaches,
4. Involve communities in improving health-care delivery,
5. Share lessons learned from successful improvement efforts, and
6. Train health professionals in new skills and approaches.